SACRIFICE
Romans 12:1–13
Chapter 12 begins with the word “therefore.” This is the fourth major structural occurrence of that word in Paul’s letter. It always references what has gone before, which is why it is important to understand chapter 11 before moving on.
In chapter 11, the Apostle Paul uses the testimony of Abraham and his own testimony as examples of the faithfulness of God. At the end of the chapter, he offers the testimony of God Himself to prove his case. He speaks of God’s timing, God’s grace and God’s wisdom. Chapter 11 ends with a beautiful doxology.
Living Sacrifice (1–2)
In this chapter, Paul gives practical instructions for living as a Christ-follower.
In an age when pagans practiced human sacrifice and in a time when the sacrificial system of the temple was declining, Paul writes about each person offering his or her body as a “living sacrifice.” He urges and encourages them to do this based upon “the mercies of God.”
He warns them against being conformed to the image of this world. The word “conform” describes clay being pressed into a mold. The “mold” of the world is against God and results in death.
Instead of being conformed, Paul tells us to be “transformed by the renewing of your mind.” Transformation describes an inside job.
It speaks of metamorphosis — the caterpillar changing into the butterfly.
If you add transformation to presentation and subtract conformation, you get the will of God.
The Gaither Vocal Band has an excellent song titled “Living Sacrifice” that is based on these verses.
What does offering yourself as a living sacrifice mean to you in 2026?
In the Church (3–8)
As Paul speaks to the individual believer, he then transitions to speak to that individual’s place within the Church. He tells them that each member is placed within the body of Christ according to God’s will with unique gifts and purpose. He encourages them to use their gifts. As individuals find their place within the body of Christ, they bring diverse gifts but serve together in unity under the lordship of Christ.
Every member is important. There is no one superior or inferior in God’s Church.
Why is it important for every member to be using their gifts in the body of Christ? What does it mean if only 20% of the members do 80% of the serving?
In Relationships (9–13)
Paul moves from urging the exercise of believers’ gifts within the Church to encouraging genuine love in their relationships with one another. In Warren Wiersbe’s commentary, he writes, “Love is the circulatory system of the spiritual body, which enables all the members to function in a healthy, harmonious way.”
Paul gives a command in verse 12. “Rejoice in hope; be patient in affliction; be persistent in prayer,” he writes.
He closes out chapter 12 by discussing how we should treat our enemies. He gives this instruction in verses 17 and 20: “Do not repay anyone evil for evil. … If your enemy is hungry, feed him.” Francis of Assisi is often falsely credited with this popular admonition: “Preach the gospel at all times and if necessary, use words.”
Which do you think is more important: your words or your actions?
EDITOR’S NOTE — The Sunday School lesson outlines are provided by Lifeway.
By Don Fugate
Senior pastor of Foxworthy Baptist Church in San Jose, California
